Many people on the skin have benign growing meat.In most cases, they have a "foot".In everyday life, such skin formations were called warts.But in dermatology, they are called papillomas.
These neoplasms can occur in any part of the body.However, the most common are armpits, neck and inguinal region.If you do not pay attention to them, then they are able to grow in size, damage when contacting clothes and bleeding.
Why the skin polyps arise, if they should contact a doctor and how to get rid of them forever - we will consider them in our article.
Why do papillomas appear
The main culprit of this pathology is HPV or human papillomavirus.There is almost every person in the body.But not everyone has external manifestations in the form of growth.This is due to the fact that with good health, the virus is safely suppressed by immune cells.And after 2-3 years, in most cases, it disappears independently of the body.
What is this virus?HPV is a non -native virus that is built on the DNA of skin and mucous membranes.It is on the surface, without being left in the deep layers of the dermis.
Long months, and even years he is in a state of sleep.With a decrease in immunity for various reasons, the virus is activated and begins to grow.So papillomas arise.
Factors that adversely affect the immune system include:
- Constant stress.
- Poor food or monotonous.
- Lack of vitamins.
- Chronic fatigue.
- Passive lifestyle.
- Bad habits.
- Malignant tumors.
- Transferred serious infectious disease.
- Uncontrolled intake of antibiotics.
Elderly people are at risk, because due to age -related changes, the body is worse faced with viruses.Often, skin formations often occur in children.The child's unformed immunity is unable to withstand the virus.And he, after 2-3 months after the infection, enters the active phase.
Important! If a person is infected with HPV, then it is impossible to completely remove it from the body.Either self -healing occurs, or falls into a "lethargy" with increased immunity.
Risk factors for women
During pregnancy in women, the natural inhibition of the immune system occurs.This is necessary so that the body does not perceive the embryo as a foreign object, and give it the opportunity to attach to the uterus.If a woman in the body has a human papillomavirus, then he will definitely use this moment.Therefore, in pregnant women the appearance of papillomas is a common problem.
Risk factors for men
The causes of skin formations in men lie in alcohol abuse, frequent change of sexual partners, smoking.Bad habits adversely affect the state of general immunity and the continuous absorption of the absorption of smoke smoke of the local oral cavity and respiratory organs.This can cause such a serious illness as laryngeal papillomatosis.
On average, the secret (hidden) period lasts from 3 months to one year.In strong health, an infected person remains only one carrier, without external manifestations.But the danger is that he is able to infect another person.
Way to infect HPV
The causative agent is able to survive outside the human body for some time.The infection most often occurs by transmitting the virus through the contact maintenance path.It can be a handshake, touch, and the use of ordinary household items, toys.Cases of infection in public recreation are frequent.These are baths, pools, water parks.
But to penetrate the dermal layer of the skin, a condition is needed - damage to the skin.For infection, there will be plenty of micrococks or small scratches.
In a newborn baby, the infection occurs along the vertical path, that is, from mother transport in the process of childbirth or breastfeeding.
Genital papillomas, pronounced or air conditioning are transmitted only through unprotected sex.Self -wake is also possible, that is, transfer of the virus from one part of the body to another.This happens when combing or damaging growth, for example, while shaving.
The main types and types of papillomas
There are many HPV strains.Medicine is known only for 200 types of virus.Some of them only affect areas of the body, others - mucous membranes of the genitals, and others arise in the oral cavity and larynx.
Among the well -known species there are species that have high oncogenic risk.For example, the most dangerous for a woman are viruses 16, 18 and 31. They are often detected by cervical erosion, and also cause its degeneration in a cancer tumor.The presence in the body of highly oncogenic species of the virus does not mean that a person will necessarily have oncology.But this requires a more attentive attitude towards health and observation by a specialist.
The following types of papillomas are distinguished by size and form:
- Stamp - These are common, more common growth.They often appear between the fingers, the sole of the legs, the chin.The sworn condyloma has a slightly embedded solid appearance due to walking and pressure.Often painful, but not cancer.
- Movie or Akrochords - They are characteristic of the elderly.The dense yellow color from the outside.Increasing the tender over time.Always have a thin leg.They are located from armpits, neck, skin folds and groin.Not capable of malignancy.
- Flat - Small numerous skin formations of a flat shape.They rise slightly above the skin.They have a body color or a little brown.They are located on the face, on the upper chest, in the anus area.Low risk of malformation.
- Sharp warts or condylomas - arises only in the genitals.The path of infection is mainly sexual.Capable of being reborn in malignant education.
Some forms of HPV lead to a dangerous disease of the laryngeal papillomatosis.White plaque and growth prevent normal breathing, affect the vocal cords.This condition can lead to drowning.Often this diagnosis is diagnosed in children.With a complex current, the virus descends and affects the bronchi, lungs and trachea.
The risk of growing skin
Most of them do not pose a threat to life and health.They are just an aesthetic defect and cause psychological discomfort.
But if the papilloma is caused by a high level of oncogeneity, then in adverse circumstances, it can lead to an oncological diagnosis.Malignant education leads to strong intoxication as well as metastases.
Factors that are able to provoke the malformation of education:
- sunburn and exposure to ultraviolet radiation;
- Papilloma infection as a result of its damage;
- Chronic inflammation in the body and continuous decrease in immunity.
Also, growths often increase, their number increases.They tend to join in groups, as a result, a large affected area is formed.Rubbing clothes can lead to damage and growth bleeding.
When you see a doctor
Be sure to contact a dermatologist for inspection if the following changes are noticed:
- After injury, the wound does not heal.Observe the release of the fluid, the pain occurs when you touch.
- The color of the formation has become darker.
- Papilloma began to grow in size.
- Distance of pus.
- The emergence of an unpleasant odor.
- Rubbing pain even at rest.
- Hair loss in the growth area.
Educationdo Skin education is subject to examination and observation with a genetic predisposition to oncology.If papillomas bring discomfort to everyday life and interfere, then they are subject to mechanical removal.
Diagnosis and treatment of papillomas
Depending on the location of the localization, you should contact a dermatologist, gynecologist or urologist.The following studies are necessarily conducted to evaluate growth:
- Dermatoscopy is a detailed study of papilloma through a magnifying device.
- Blood test for detecting antibodies in HPV.
- PCR diagnostics.
- Capture of biomaterial for histology (with suspicion of malignancy of education).
In vaginal formations, the doctor receives stroke from the urethra or cervix.The analysis is performed for the availability of STIs.Diagnosis in the presence of a condy is performed by both partners.
With multiple rashes, it is possible to perform an analysis for controlling immune status.
The therapy of the disease is aimed at suppressing the virus and enhancing immunity.For this, the preliminary removal of all increases, such as sources of the virus.Then antiviral therapy and immunomodulators are performed.
Methods of removing formations
Depending on the size and location of the location, the doctor may provide the following methods of operational removal.
- Cryodestration or exposure to liquid nitrogen.
The disadvantage of this method is that the specialist cannot accurately control the depth of exposure.Because of this, burns or incomplete erasure of education are possible. - Laser
This is a modern method that allows you to get rid of several formations in a session.Does not leave wounds or wounds.It does not lead to bleeding, as the process of blood vessel pallets occurs.There are a number of contraindications. - Electrocoagulation.
This method involves the growing impact using the electrode.Effective for prolonged papillomas that have one foot.Used in the intimate area.Advantage: A distance growth can be sent for further laboratory research. - Radio wave method or radio holder method.
A specialist can individually choose the length and strength of the radio wave, given the depth of growth.It is performed using the Surgitron apparatus.Healthy cells are not damaged, a point effect occurs on growth with a thin electrode.Rehabilitation is not required.
In rare cases, surgical removal of education is used.It is used for large formations or in the presence of signs of malignancy.This is the most radical but effective method.Subsequent recovery is required.Often there is a small scar.The risk of relapse is minimal, as the surgeon completely removes growth, affecting the healthy area.An operation is suffered under local anesthesia.
The only common papillomas can be removed using special chemical compounds.They contain alkali or acid in composition.But with this method there is a great risk of combustion.In addition, with incomplete growth removal, new formations often appear.Independent withdrawal of formations can lead to serious negative consequences.
Preventive
It is possible to completely protect yourself from HPV infection by vaccination only.But it is advisable to spend it only before starting sexual activity.Protects only from the most dangerous types of virus that can lead to oncology.
To reduce the risk of papillomas, it is necessary to observe primary rules.
- In public rest places, do not walk barefoot.Use only your shoes.
- In public toilets, use the disposable lining.
- Use a condom for the oral and vaginal form of sex.But this will only give 50% protection, as there is plenty of simple body contact for infection.
- Try for a monogamous relationship.
- To minimize close communication with an infected person who has external manifestations of the disease.
Particular attention should be paid to health if pregnancy is planned.To do this, the first hand on the HPV detection test.
To avoid restoring the pathology after removal, you should observe all your doctor's recommendations accurately.You need to take care of immunity, supporting it at the optimal level.To do this, you need to eat properly and completely, play sports and abandon bad habits.
The very presence of HPV in the body is not a reason to sound the alarm and begin increased treatment.But if the skin is on the skin, it is best to consult a doctor.